ABSTRACT
Abstract Background: Increased level of physical activity (PA) and health education are known as non-pharmacological treatments of hypertension (HP). There is a lack of studies investigating the influence of HP knowledge on the level of PA among hypertensive patients. Objective: To examine the influence of patient's knowledge about HP on PA level and the relationship between these variables. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in in a primary care center located in a city in the southern Brazil. A total of 199 hypertensive patients (median 61.2 [13] years; body mass index (BMI) 21.9 (7.5) kg/m2; 72.4% women) were included. The level of PA was assessed by measuring the number of steps taken daily. The knowledge about HP was assessed by a standardized questionnaire (HIPER-Q). The Kruskall-Wallis test was used to compare age, BMI and PA level between HP knowledge categories, and the Spearman test was used to assess correlations (p <0.05). Results: The median score of knowledge about HP for patients categorized as insufficient (n=6, 3%), poor (n=24; 12.1%), acceptable (n=101; 50.8%) and good (n=68; 34.2%) was 11.0 (8.0), 20.0 (4.0), 26.0 (5.0) and 38.0 (2.0), respectively. No patient has achieved an "excellent" level of knowledge. There was no significant difference in PA level (p = 0.341), BMI (p = 0.510) or age (p = 0.073) between these categories. Age was negatively correlated with knowledge about HP (p <0.05 and rho = 0.02). Conclusions: Patient's knowledge about HP did not influence the level of PA in hypertensive patients. Age, number of steps per day and BMI were not significantly different between the categories of knowledge. Public policies and organizational strategy should be addressed to improve health education and avoid sedentary behavior in this population. (Int J Cardiovasc Sci. 2020; [online].ahead print, PP.0-0)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Young Adult , Primary Health Care , Exercise , Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice , Patient Education as Topic , Hypertension/prevention & control , Quality of Life , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Sedentary Behavior , Arterial Pressure , Health Policy , Hypertension/therapy , Hypertension/epidemiologyABSTRACT
Abstract Background: The absence of instruments capable of measuring the level of knowledge of hypertensive patients in cardiac rehabilitation programs about their disease reflects the lack of specific recommendations for these patients. Objective: To develop and validate a questionnaire to evaluate the knowledge of hypertensive patients in cardiac rehabilitation programs about their disease. Methods: A total of 184 hypertensive patients (mean age 60.5 ± 10 years, 66.8% men) were evaluated. Reproducibility was assessed by calculation of the intraclass correlation coefficient using the test-retest method. Internal consistency was assessed by the Cronbach's alpha and the construct validity by the exploratory factorial analysis. Results: The final version of the instrument had 17 questions organized in areas considered important for patient education. The instrument proposed showed a clarity index of 8.7 (0.25). The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.804 and the Cronbach's correlation coefficient was 0.648. Factor analysis revealed five factors associated with knowledge areas. Regarding the criterion validity, patients with higher education level and higher family income showed greater knowledge about hypertension. Conclusion: The instrument has a satisfactory clarity index and adequate validity, and can be used to evaluate the knowledge of hypertensive participants in cardiac rehabilitation programs.
Resumo Fundamento: A ausência de instrumentos capazes de mensurar o nível de conhecimento de pacientes hipertensos em programas de reabilitação cardíaca sobre sua doença reflete a carência de recomendações específicas para esses pacientes. Objetivo: Construir e validar um questionário para avaliar o conhecimento de hipertensos em programas de reabilitação cardíaca sobre sua doença. Métodos: foram avaliados 184 hipertensos, com média de idade de 60,5±10 anos, 66,8% homens. A reprodutibilidade foi avaliada pelo cálculo do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse, utilizando-se as situações do método de teste-reteste. A consistência interna foi avaliada pelo alfa de Cronbach, e a validade do construto pela análise fatorial exploratória. Resultados: A versão final do instrumento apresentou 17 questões dispostas em áreas de importância para a educação do paciente. O instrumento proposto apresentou um índice de clareza de 8,7 (0,25). O valor do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse foi de 0,804 e do alfa de Cronbach 0,648. A análise fatorial revelou cinco fatores associados às áreas de conhecimento. No que diz respeito à validade de critério, os pacientes com maior escolaridade e maior renda familiar apresentaram maior conhecimento sobre a hipertensão. Conclusão: O instrumento possui índice de clareza satisfatório e validade adequada, podendo ser utilizado para avaliar o conhecimento de hipertensos participantes de programas de reabilitação cardíaca.